P.vannamei is known to be vulnerable to a wide range of viral diseases, and the reports of mass mortalities and failure of the culture system have also been recorded. The common disease of economic importance reported to affect P.vannamei include, WSD, infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis (IHHN), Taura syndrome(TS), yellow head disease(YHD) and infectious myo necrosis(IMN). WSD caused US$6billion loss. IHHNV has caused about US$0.5-1 Billion loss in America. The impact of TS on the shrimp-farming industry in the America was estimated to be US$ 1-2 billion up to 2001 while in Asia it is of $0.5-1 billion. An unpublished data form Brazilian shrimp farmers’ association has estimated that the loss due to IMN from 2002 to 2006 in Brazil exceeded $100 million. In Indonesia this IMNV caused significant losses exceeding $1 billion by 2010. A total of $100-200 million loss has occurred mainly because of the disease in America, but in Asia this disease has emerged in the year 2006, and the estimated loss is about $1 billion. Significant loss from YHD amounts to $1 billion per year in Asia. A new unique disease, acute hepato pancreatic necrosis disease or AHPND earlier known as early mortality syndrome(EMS) has been devastating P.vannamei farms in China since 2009, Vietnam since 2010, Malaysia since 20100, and Thailand since 2012, where in 100% mortalities have been reported during the first 20-30 days after stocking. AHPND has caused about 60% drop in shrimp production in the affected region compared with 2012 and the global estimate of the loss per year is about US$1 billion. All these disease related issues resulted in the prediction by FAO that global supply of shrimp would contract by 15% in 2015, ultimately showing the challenges posed by disease issues alone to he dynamic industry of shrimp farming across the world.
Source: Aqua Aquaria India